Energy

Energy refers to the capacity or ability to do work or produce change. It exists in various forms, including kinetic (the energy of motion), potential (stored energy based on an object’s position or configuration), thermal (related to temperature), chemical (stored in chemical bonds), and nuclear (held in the nucleus of atoms). Energy can be transferred between systems and converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed, in accordance with the law of conservation of energy. Energy is a fundamental concept in physics and is critical to understanding processes in both natural and engineered systems. It is measured in units such as joules or calories, depending on the context.